Jeondeungsa Temple is located in Samnangseong Fortress, which is said to have been built by the three sons of Dangun, the founder of Korea. The temple was originally called Jinjongsa Temple during the early Goryeo dynasty; the name changed to the current Jeondeungsa Temple in 1282.

Jeondeungsa Temple contains significant architectural works, including the main building Daeungbojeon Hall (a Treasure), built in 1621. Decorated with delicate carvings, it is a superlative example of the architecture of the mid-Joseon dynasty. Visitors can see names of soldiers written on the walls and columns of Daeungbojeon Hall. These soldiers fought against the French Navy and wrote their names in Jeondeungsa to pray to Buddha for good luck in war.

There are ten other structures of historical significance at the temple including Yaksajeon Hall (a Treasure), Beomjong Bell (a Treasure), and Yangheonsu Victory Monument (a Tangible Cultural Treasure). The compound is also home to many ancient trees.